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Composting Process: Composing is one of the methods to recycle the waste materials and energy form the spoilable waste materials of cities and also is a method to dispose the garbage. Compost production is a biologic change of phase, the main cause of which are aerobic microorganisms inside the garbage mass.
Compost is the product of decomposition, fermentation and spoilage of organic matters in garbage, which is produced by microorganisms under controlled conditions in terms of enough oxygen, temperature, carbon-nitrogen ration of compostable materials. The first compost factory in Iran was established about 35 years ago in Isfahan in order to convert the garbage to compost. At present, TMTM Company is establishing garbage-recycling factories in Yazd, Roudsa and Khorramabad. TMTM Company has take actions to establish garbage-recycling and compost production factories with cooperation of the Korean Company. The capacity of these factories is 250 MT/day and the method used by TMTM Company has advantages over other methods used for compost production in Iran. This company designs compost production factories with an extraordinarily strong and advanced technique and low cost.
Garbage-recycling factories include three sections: compost production section, wastewater treatment system and filtration system. The wastewater treatment section and filtration system can be omitted according to the establishment place of the factory and the order of the customer, but it is better to have all the three sections (compost production, wastewater treatment system, filtration system) in garbage-recycling factories.
According to the request of the customers, the integrated filtration system that includes scrubber and biofilter is used to remove stink in these factories. In this system, first the dust and some part of gases resulting from fermentation enter the scrapper and are trapped by the sprayed water and wet surfaces. In the second stage, some part of gases which have probably passed through the scrapper, enter the multi-layer biofilter system. In this section, the gases are biologically treated and consumed by the microorganisms inside the biofilter.
The wastewater produced in fermentation room is used in this room as the moisturizer of masses. In factories equipped with filtration system, 75% of the produced wastewater is produced in this section and the remaining results from washing the factory and so on. In case of using treatment system, the produced wastewater will not enter the environment and will be used in the factory after being treated, so we will have less pollution and damage in environment.
The operational trend in compost factories can be summarized as follows: Garbage Input Tearing The Bags (Primary Screen) Separating Non-Compostable Garbage Shredding The Garbage Screening (Secondary Screen) Arranging the nitrogen-carbon and moisture ration (by adding sawdust and wastewater) Treating the materials to be composted in fermentation room (aeration, shredding) Compost Screening Separating The Glass From Compost (Glass Separator) Compost Packing
Machineries Used in Garbage-Recycling Process Include:
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